Post-Impressionism

Post-Impressionism is the term coined by the  term coined by the Brithish artist Roger Fry in 1910. The main artists in this time were Van Gogh, Gaugin and Ce'zanne. Artists of this time painted the expression of feelings and ideas. They sought new techniques in how to handle colour. Post-Impressionism started to push the ideas of the Impressionists into a new direction.

Bibliography:

• Post-Impressionism - Art History Basics on Post-Impressionism - Mid-1880s to Early 1900s. 2013. Post-Impressionism - Art History Basics on Post-Impressionism - Mid-1880s to Early 1900s. [ONLINE] Available at:http://arthistory.about.com/od/modernarthistory/a/Post-Impressionism-Art-History-101-Basics.htm. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

Impressionism

The Impressionism was strongly influenced by simple and bold Japanese woodblock prints. In 1874, a group of artists, which consisted of painters, sculptures, print-makers ect, organised an exhibition in Paris that began the movement called Impressionism. The Founders of this movement ere Claude Monet, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro, among others. The developments in photography also continued to influence the impressionist.

Bibliography:

• Impressionism: Art and Modernity | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2013. Impressionism: Art and Modernity | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. [ONLINE] Available at:http://metmuseum.org/toah/hd/imml/hd_imml.htm. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

Japanese Art

Japanese Art covers a range of art styles and media, like pottery, sculpture and ink printing. Over the time Japan developed the ability to absorb those elements of foreign culture. Japanese ceramics are among the finest in the world. It was the first known artifacts of  the cultures. In 1868 the Emperor of Japan regained power, Japan was once again invaded with new influences of other cultures. A lot of new Japanese gardens were built with jihe Ogawa. The Manga style of drawing, was first drawn in the Meiji Period, that was influenced by English and French political cartoons. However some arts that were popular in this period such as joge-e (reversible images) are no longer that popular in modern Japan.



Sudden Shower at the Atake Bridge,Hiroshige, 1856


Hokkedō at Tōdai-ji, 8th century


a part of "Shihon choshoku Kegonshū soshi eden"
(Kegon Engi Emaki), Kōzan-ji owning


Eshinbun Nipponchi; credited as the first manga magazine ever made.





Bibliography:

• Japanese art - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Japanese art - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_art. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

John Ruskin

John Ruskin was born on the 8th of Febururary 1819 in London, England; and then died on the 20th January  1900 at the age 80 in Coniston, England. Ruskin took an interest in art when he  was in university, and had a reputation as a skilled water-colourist. In 1845 he had spent time in Italy studing art works of the fourteenth and fifteenth century artists in Pisa, Florence and Venice. Ruskin had published the first Volume of  'The Stones of Venice' in 1851.


Some of his works:


Effie Gray painted by Thomas Richmond. She thought the portrait made her look like "a graceful Doll".


John Ruskin's Study of Gneiss Rock, Glenfinlas, 1853. Pen and ink and wash with Chinese ink on paper, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, England.




Bibliography:

•  . 2013. . [ONLINE] Available at: http://spatacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jruskin.htm. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

Gothic Revival Architecture

The Gothic Revival began in the late 1740 in England. it was an architectural movement. It continued to grow till the nineteenth century. The Gothic Revival was paralleled to be supported by the Medievalism. In English Literature, the architectural Gothic Revival, gave rise to the Gothic Revival novel gener. An architect that worked on the Gothic Revival was Pugin.




Notable Neo-Gothic edifices: top: Palace of Westminster, London;
left: Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh;
right: Sint-Petrus-en-Pauluskerk, Ostend.





Bibliography:

• Gothic Revival architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Gothic Revival architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

Pugin

Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin was born on the 1st of March 1812 in Bloomsbury, London; and died on the 14th of September 1852. Pugin was an architect and archeoligist. He is remembered for his role in the Gothic Revival. He had designed many churches in England, and there are some in Ireland and Australia. Pugin's influence began to fade after his death.

Some of Pugin's works:


St Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham


The northeast chapel at Pugin's St Giles' Roman Catholic Church, Cheadle



Bibliography:

• CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin. 2013.CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12558b.htm. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

• Augustus Pugin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Augustus Pugin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus_Pugin. [Accessed 28 March 2013].

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution first began in the period from about 1760 and then continued to some time between 1820 and 1840. This included going from hand production to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production. In this period of time the use of steam was increasing. it was used to power and development of machine tools and transport. The Industrial Revolution began in Britain and later on it had spread  to the United States of America, and Western Europe.

Bibliography:

• en.wikipedia/wiki/Industrial_Revolution , 22 February 2013 , 22:44pm